Performance management plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Performance management plan - Essay Example Conclusions and recommendations 11 7. References 13 8. Appendices 15 I. Tables 15 II. Figures 17 Executive Summary: The report is an analysis of performance management system at the multinational IT giant Accenture. The analysis was carried out on the basis of learning from literature related to a comprehensive performance management. Literature teachings highlight following points about effective performance management: 1. Performance management is a comprehensive process of assessing organizational performance with respect to all its stakeholders. 2. The Balanced Score Card system provides a comprehensive and flexible framework to translate organizational strategies to measurable objectives. 3. The Management By Objectives approach provides a good model to manage performance at individual level. 4. Performance measurement is only a part of performance management. 5. Performance management comprises of all activities that enhance employee motivation, commitment, performance and lear ning. Thus, approaches such as performance appraisals, performance development plans, feedback, performance review etc should focus towards enhancing employee commitment, motivation, performance and learning. These points have been applied to performance management system at Accenture in order to assess its, and the same is validated with information obtained from web sources related to the company. 1. Introduction Effective performance management

Wal-Marts Environmental Sustainability Program Essay

Wal-Marts Environmental Sustainability Program - Essay Example Since Wal-Mart is a retailer of a wide variety of merchandise products, management’s thrust into environmental sustainability comes in the form of ensuring that the products they sell should conform, not only to the highest standards of quality, but more so, to comply with the products’ impact on the environment. Recently, Wal-Mart initiated a program which would label each product they sell according to an eco rating, which aims to â€Å"measure the environmental friendliness† of the product/s (Whitney, 2009, par. 1).Since Wal-Mart is a retailer of a wide variety of merchandise products, management’s thrust into environmental sustainability comes in the form of ensuring that the products they sell should conform, not only to the highest standards of quality, but more so, to comply with the products’ impact on the environment. Recently, Wal-Mart initiated a program which would label each product they sell according to an eco rating, which aims to â €Å"measure the environmental friendliness† of the product/s. The program would attest to the company’s commitment to adhere to its sustainable strategies. The information provided by the suppliers of the products would be encoded in the company’s database and an eco rating system would be available to the consumers, as required. In this regard, the objective of the essay is to proffer an analysis of the company’s environmental performance and how this could be enhanced by the new service.

Unit 6, Four Law Questions Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Unit 6, Four Law Questions - Article Example The Exclusionary Rule interrogates whether these rights were violated while finding evidence. 2) To disallow a search which no judge allowed in the first place: A search warrant must be authorized by a judge. 3) To deter the police: The Exclusionary Rule helps to deter police from using unconstitutional methods to obtain evidence. Elements Of Subjective Test: The defendant’s state of mind. If this is questionable, the evidence may be rendered inadmissible. 2) The willingness of the defendant to participate in the crime must also be adequately proven by the prosecution. Objective Test: Looks at whether the defendant committed the crime due to pressure from government agents or whether government agents persuaded the person into committing the crime. It also explores the possibility of the person not being ready and willing to commit the crime until such a time when the governments agents interacted (Samaha, 2011).. Four Tasks for the judge: 1) Presiding over the hearing and ensuring that that order is maintained. 2) Determine the legality or otherwise of any evidence presented 3) The judge issues instructions before any deliberations begin and cites the law relevant to the case and the standards it must meet. Finally, in case of bench trials, the judge scrutinizes the facts and decides on the way forward for the case. Preliminary Hearings and Grand Jury Review: Basically, a preliminary hearing is taken as an adversarial hearing. On the other hand, a grand jury is a private proceeding that listens to the case of the prosecution without the participation of the defense. Preliminary hearings are also presided over by the judge while the grand jury managed by the

Same sex couple SHOULD BE allowed to marry Essay

Same sex couple SHOULD BE allowed to marry - Essay Example Countries like Belgium, Netherlands and Canada give legal assistance to homosexual marriage. Above all as the same sex couples love each other and ready to live together it is their right to pursue their option (Filer, 2010). Denial of same sex marriage is offensive in anyway and many supportive aspects could be found in this regard. First of all being a homosexual or lesbian does not deny a person his or her citizenship. So, all the citizens of a nation should have equal rights. There should not be a division on the basis of their gender. As the heterosexual has the freedom to marry the person whom he or she loves the person who prefers same sex should also be allowed to marry the one whom he or she likes. The constitution of a country is written for all the citizens of that country and the denial of their rights is unjust on the part of the constitution. Government should not interfere in peoples’ private affairs and the denial of marriage to a certain segment of population is clear discrimination. Marriage should take place on the basis of the love between two persons and gender is not a determining factor of one’s love. It is the fundamental right of every citizen. As love is the main f actor of married life denial of union between two loving hearts just because of same sex is cruel and barbaric. People who stand against same sex marriage say that marriage is for procreation. But that is a wrong idea as marriage primarily aims at loving and caring of two persons. More over there are a number of heterosexual couples who do not procreate. There have been attempts to portrait gay as deviants and overturn their right to marry as per their will. Most probably religious are there behind it, especially the catholic. But one should bear in mind the fact that the constitution is written not exclusively for any particular religious group and it is not a religious document (Homosexuality and

Masculinity and Its Link in the Importance Essay Example for Free

Masculinity and Its Link in the Importance Essay Victorian ideas of masculinity. The concept of Victorian masculinity is a diverse one since it was influenced by numerous aspects and factors such as domesticity, economy, gender roles, imperialism, manners, religion and much more. Some of these aspects seem to be quite naturally related to one another, while others seem none-relational. For the males, this included a vast amount of pride in their work, protectiveness over their wives, and an aptitude for good social behaviour. The Victorians saw manliness as good, a form of control over maleness, which was brutish. Christianity contributed much to the Victorian concept of masculinity. The real Victorian man was to be spiritual and a faithful believer. The husband and father was considered to be the head of the household, but his duty was to rule. Victorian men were not only competing for respect within their own sex, but they needed to impress the women too. If they were not married, it depicted that they were not fully masculine because they did not have a family to support. Supporting a family was a sign of true success within the male sex. In the text so far Oscar Wilde shows Earnest/Jacks eagerness as a sign he could trying to assert his masculinity because that is what Victorian society is so judgemental. Prescribing the notion that women were born to dream of marriage, Cecily and Gwendolyn, from The Importance of Being Earnest, are caught up in the fantasies of the perfect marriage to the perfect earnest husband. Cecily and Gwendolyn are fixated on the name Earnest, almost as if it were an obsession; it is the ideal name for their future husbands. They are determined not to marry a man unless he is called Earnest because they believe a man with this name will automatically live up to the name’s expectations of being serious, honourable, and moral. In Wilde’s play, he comically satirizes the name â€Å"Earnest,† through the portrayal of two deceitful men whom the women fantasize as being ideal men worthy of marriage â€Å"My ideal has always been to love some one of the name of Earnest ’ These two men claim to live up to the Victorian ideals, but then live another life outside of the community to escape the society’s pressures. Henceforth, in the play, the men fall under the pressure of women and Victorian ideals rather than staying true to their identity and personalities. Even when Jack tries to admit his real name, Gwendolyn becomes lost in her ideals of a fantasized husband named Earnest and discourages Jack from confessing his real name. She uses the knowledge that she has learned from the Victorian society to judge whether someone by the name of â€Å"John† or â€Å"Jack† would be a suitable husband for her, and in doing so, she manipulates Jack into hiding his identity out of fear of losing Gwendolyn. He believes the only way Gwendolyn will accept him is to say his name is Earnest.

Happiness Essay Example for Free

Happiness Essay Most humans, I hope, strive and yearn for happiness in whatever they do. It’s almost as if it’s a basic human need. They want to â€Å"feel good,† content, and satisfied with whatever they do or have. In the Jewish Text â€Å"Ethics of Our Fathers† it is written, â€Å"Who is Rich? One who is happy with his portion. † I wholeheartedly believe this scripture. People always want more and more, yet they never seem to be contempt. They want the next best car, or the nicer shirt, but they can’t seem to achieve the happiness they so desire. Unfortunately we see often in the news of a wealthy businessman, or a famous actor/actress who are either arrested or worse, found dead because of an alcohol or drug related event. Why do these wealthy, successful and beautiful people do this to themselves? They have everything there heart desires at their fingertips, but there is something visibly lacking. I believe that it’s because they weren’t able to achieve true happiness and they fell into a bad depression. Someone can have so much money, clothes and cars, but where is the love? Where is the true human interaction? I can honestly say most of these people live artificial lives. From their â€Å"celebrity relationships† with 5 kids from 3 husbands to having every new piece of clothing, they see themselves that it’s all empty and meaningless but they can’t get out of that rut. Business men who either have the â€Å"too-much-money† syndrome or the ones that have fallen on extremely hard times have the same issue, so much as they even have a stereotype when it comes to depression- doing drugs, and lots of it. While this all seems clear cut and simple, it’s truly not. The human mind is very complex and very unique. Richard Layard, in his book â€Å"Happiness- Lessons From A New Science† tries to shed some light on this topic and even suggests some ways on how to change ourselves to become happy and to attain more and more happiness during our lives. He uses his knowledge of several different sciences and economics to try to show us where happiness comes from and how we can attain it. Layard starts off with a series of questions on page 12 â€Å"So what is the feeling of happiness? Is there a state of â€Å"feeling good† or â€Å"feeling bad† that is a dimension of all our waking life? Can people say at any moment how they feel? Indeed, is your happiness something, a bit like your temperature, that is always there, fluctuating away whether you think about it or not? If so, can I compare my happiness with yours? † Layard asked some very in depth and powerful questions here. He then proceeded to answer them all with a yes. I don’t believe that the answer is a universal yes. There are billions of people in the world with billions of different backgrounds, feelings and beliefs. One point I can agree with Layard on is his second question, Is there a state of â€Å"feeling good† or â€Å"feeling bad† that is a dimension of all our waking life? There is. When we as humans do tasks or interact with other people, we need to be in a certain mind frame. If someone, for example, isn’t in a â€Å"happy mood† they might not be able to accomplish what they would like to because their mind is in a state which won’t allow them to. When I was studying abroad in Israel I went through a traumatic, near death experience. I was jeeping with my cousins near the Jordan Desert when suddenly ground gave way to our jeep and we overturned into a deep ditch. I was on the side that the jeep landed on and was buried under debris and all of the gear and belongings that were in the jeep at the time. My oldest cousin Yossi, an ex-delta sniper for the Israeli Defense Forces, extricated me out, I was in a shaken up but happy mood. That happy mood didn’t last too long. We had to wait over 3 hours for a team of professionals to come and evacuate us out of the desert. I was getting scared and cold, all the meanwhile with much time on my hands to sit and ponder. I eventually went into a mild depression for the next few days. Little to no appetite, almost no conversation, and even skipping prayer services were some of the effects of this mini-depression. I went to Israel to study and to become more observant in my religion. The experience of the jeeping accident led me into â€Å"bad mood† that temporarily blinded me from my purpose, and what I wanted to accomplish couldn’t be accomplished at that time. When Layard talks about â€Å"The Function of Happiness† on page 24, he makes a strong statement â€Å"It (happiness) is supremely important because it is our overall motivational device. We seek to feel good and to avoid pain. (not moment by moment, but overall. )† He brings examples of things that we do in everyday life that bring us happiness or sadness, things that if they weren’t done, would have brought the human race to its demise. He brings this to light to show that even when we are not realizing it, we are looking to bring ourselves happiness and joy, and while not realizing it, we are achieving a human need of happiness. Layard, on page 48, delves into something I can honestly assume a great portion of humanity deals with. It is the concept of the â€Å"Hedonic Treadmill†; once a human gets something nice or something â€Å"happy† occurs in one’s life, the good feeling only lasts a while until that person wants more, or the next best happiness. Rich people always want the next fastest car, the watch with the most diamonds that year, the dress with the most zeros on the price tag than the year before. If one wasn’t able to acquire that â€Å"need or want† that they so desired, they would not be as happy as they were and, according to Layard, one would â€Å"revert† back to how they felt before they had that next best thing. I deal with this feeling every day, but through discussions with close mentors of mine, I have been able to curb that want somewhat, but sometimes I still can’t help it. I always wanted to lease a car with features, but I was rejected by car companies many times. Finally this year after much thought and after getting my finances in line, I was approved to lease a 2012 Honda. The car came with leather, power seats, heated seats, and alloy rims. I was ecstatic! I finally got what I have been wanting. Now it’s a month later and Im getting used to the car, but I want more features in it. I see myself â€Å"running† on this treadmill. I realize it’s a natural human want, but I try to make myself happy with what I have and I utilize mentors and friends to help me feel the way I desire to feel. Taking NLP into consideration, I see a perfect example of â€Å"mirroring† involved with the way we feel with regards to happiness and feelings. For example, at on occasion or get together, whether a happy or sad one, people usually act the way most people are at those events. When a bride or groom walks down the aisle at a wedding, one might not have the intention to clap for them, but they do anyway unintentionally because other people are doing it. Another example is when couples are married and live together for 40 to 50 years. They tend to start looking similar to each other even though they looked completely different at time of marriage. The same goes here with materialistic happiness and satisfaction. We sometimes want the next best thing because our friend does, or because our friend has it and we want to mirror them and have the same thing. While I feel that Layard makes amazing points on the topic of happiness and the way we deal with feelings on a daily basis, I don’t believe he has the final word on it. He is an independent researcher with only his opinion to back it up. The world is way too large and diverse to even base a scientific study on happiness with a range of 80,000 people. He definitely makes some headway into shedding light on the way we feel and what makes humans feel the way they do. My personal formula for happiness hasn’t changed much, but after reading some of what Layard has to say, and considering some NLP, I actually understand more why certain things make me and others happy, things that I didn’t understand previously. I now know why I feel the way I feel sometimes after purchasing an item, or going through an experience. Happiness is a very tough concept to understand but with learning and self-introspection, one can move closer to true happiness every day.

Ion Mobility as Explosive Detector

Ion Mobility as Explosive Detector INTRODUCTION Explosives are highly reactive substances which possess large amount of energy (potential energy) that leads to the production of explosions, they are usually accomplish with lighten, heat, sound and pressure when they are suddenly released. Explosive can be classified based on their sensitivity, velocity, composition and physical forms [23]. Ion Mobility Spectrometry is an analytical technique which is widely acknowledge in the area of detection of explosives as a result of it powerful sensitivity using electrophoresis techniques. The use of IMS as an explosive detector is based on the capability of IMS to detect almost any substance which can undergo ionisation and ability of detecting lightest element such as helium, to the most complex mixture and in complete organism [26].IMS is used in the detection of explosive compounds such as trinitrotoluene (TNT),Dinitroluene(DNT),Cyclo-1,3,5-trimethylene-2,4,6,8-tetranitramine(RDX),Pentaerythriol tetranitrate(PETN, Hexafluorobenezene (HFB),TETRYL(2,4,6-Trinitrophenylmethylnitramine), etc. [27]. IMS is widely used has a powerful analytical technique for detection of various explosive warfare chemical agent, trace level of nitro-organic explosives which may be found on hand bags and carry on-luggage’s [22] in various airport all around the world, all this has been made possible by the ionisation sources used and development in the drift tube materials. Most recently produced IMS are cheap and classy making it possible to carry out analysis on samples without pre-treatment [6]. IMS is carried out by allowing analyte which have undergo ionisation to be separated according to their movement in gas phase [1] .IMS also enable the possibilities of this Ionised analytes to be distinguished using parameters such as their masses, size, shapes and charges and it aid separation and identification of the ionised molecule which are in gas phase using their movement in carrier gas [2-4] .In IMS the analytes are converted to ionisable molecule at Atmospheric pressure in a weak electric field leading to the ions separated according to their movement in the gas phase [5] This analytical measurement techniques of an ion mobility spectrometry to detect explosive involve the use of ion mobility spectrometer which is made up of important component such as ion source, ion gate drift tube and the detector plate [21]. IMS is a techniques mostly used in the aspect of detection of explosive as a result of the technique being able to easily detect object by the possibility of screening individuals who might have concealed explosive; a major employment in monitoring of site which might be contaminated with explosive substances or materials also including buried land mile which might have explosive [7]. IMS can detect explosives materials even if it is in small amount or large quantities and used in post offices for the detections of dangerous substances which might be present in mails [8].IMS have been used in the detection of min-explosive devices and expose charges in order to show individuals which might have come in contact with explosive based on the great analytical abilities to detect explosive in limited time, high sensitivity, and resolution power [10].The use IMS has a major detector of explosives, factors such as it been easy to use, low cost of production and maintenance , portability, and low level of detection limits are considered and the ability to hyphenate IMS with other analytical method such as GC,LC and MS so as to improve it sensitivity have been involved as ways of improving the technique and it detection, and most of this analysis are done in seconds [26]. The aim of this research on IMS as an explosive Detector includes; the principles, instrumentations, application, innovation of IMS based on limitation from the first invention to the recent years and possible ways of improving IMS for future application in detection of explosives. HISTORY In 1985,JUNE 23,the Canadian government initiated a trace detector which was as a result of the airplane crash that killed 329 people blown up at 31000 feet at the Atlantic ocean, although in 1987 the government developed a high speed detector that use ion mobility spectrometry to detect explosives[14].Ims has been a major technique of interest especially in the Detection of Explosive based on the high selectivity and Sensitivity with good resolution of the techniques in the detection of explosive without the sample to be detect undergoing any form of Pre-treatment or pre separation (textbook 23).It major use of interest have increased as a result of terrorism in various aviation sectors .In Ims ionisation occurs in gas phase chemistry of explosives in the air which permit part-per-billion(ppb) detection limit for explosive such as nitro-organic explosive[15-18 i.e 77-80 of textbook].Based on the increase in terrorism and crime rate two ion mobility spectrometers were discovered to m ake possible quick, non-invasive screening and this two models are 400 IONSCAN which was from Barringer Research Limited but now called Smith Detection[81 of textbook] and Itemizer which was produced from Ion track ,Inc. also now regarded as GE Interlogix. As a result of this two Models a new interest has been given to IMS and it has been accepted as a technique in analytical measurement [19]. The discovery of IMS became a major point of interest from the formation of ion and the behaviours of this ion when they are in the gas phase at ambient pressure. Researches on IMS were can be divided into two major periods which are the period IMS was discovered and Innovated(1850-1938) also the period IMS was foundational studied (1948-1970)[28]. The development of Ion mobility for the detection of explosive have been improved after the initial design which was described by Eiceman et al [20] in which the experiment were performed with pulse laser ionization (266nm.8nsec pulse ) as the source the use of naphthalene and anthracene as high vapour pressure organic compounds[21].furtherly, same compounds were also studied another source of ionisation called 63Ni which are currently used in explosive detection[1].optimisation of ion mobility in achieving detection of ng for explosive so as to improve sensitivity by improving temperature of the spectrometer cell, high voltage pulse, applied electric field with appropriate resolution in order to obtain different features for various explosive species were carried out on the geometry spectrometer[21].Ion mobility spectrometry as also involved the use of various ionisation source such as electro-spray ionisation[46], thermal ionisation, corona spray and corona discharge ionisation[47, [48]],MALDI laser ionisation [48]. Based on the aspect of the high voltage (dc and pulsed) provided only very small current ( Researches also have shown the discovered of how IMS has been used in the detection of various explosives [22] after the incident in 1985, JUNE 23, when the Canadian government initiated a trace detector which was as a result of the airplane crash that killed 329 people blown up at 31000 feet at the Atlantic ocean, although in 1987 the government developed a high speed detector that use ion mobility spectrometry to detect explosives [14].There is also an increase in the publication of IMS over the past few years and till current date which shows interest in the technique and in its development [29 ] Table 1: history in the Development on IMS 2.3 Application Area of ion mobility Based on the development in ims is the ability to couple ims with other analytical techniques inorder to improve it detection ability The use of IMS as a detection can be for explosive such as 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene(TNT) ,2,4-Dihydro-5-nitro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one (NTO), Pentaerythritol Tetrenitrate (PETN) which are detected at in positive polarity in air at temperature of 150 to 250 degrees[12].Cases where the it required to resolve explosive compounds that are available in the presence of Interferents ,IMS is regarded as a valuable technique when coupled with Gas chromatography[13]. IMS aid in the classification of explosive compounds which is usually by the use of Laser ION Mobility Spectrometry and the process is usually done with the transfer of the ion with Photo-ionised Naphthalene in ambient air and the wavelength of the laser is usually fixed(266nm).Common explosive are GE ,vapour TRACERS ,Smith Sabre 4000 and Russian built M0-2M and M0-8 although companies are coming up with non-radioactive ionisation procedures for IMS in the detection of explosive trace for instances Bruker â€Å"DE-detector including implant services†QS-B220 which can be referred to as the next Innovation of IMS[9]. PRINCIPLE OF IMS IN DETECTION OF EXPLOSIVES THE DIAGRAM OF IMS [45]